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D.3    Wording
Void.

Annex E (normative):
Verbal forms for the expression of provisions
NOTE:    Only singular forms are shown.

The verbal forms shown in table E.1 shall be used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is permitted.
Table E.1: Requirement
Verbal form    Equivalent expressions for use in exceptional cases
(see subclause 6.6.1)
shall    is to
is required to
it is required that
has to
only ... is permitted
it is necessary

shall not    is not allowed [permitted] [acceptable] [permissible]
is required to be not
is required that ... be not
is not to be
Do not use "must" as an alternative for "shall". (This will avoid any confusion between the requirements of a standard and external statutory obligations).
Do not use "may not" instead "shall not" to express a prohibition.
To express a direct instruction, for example referring to steps to be taken in a test method, use the imperative mood (e.g. "switch on the recorder").

The verbal forms shown in table E.2 shall be used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required, or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited.

Table E.2: Recommendation
Verbal form    Equivalent expressions for use in exceptional cases
(see subclause 6.6.1)
should    it is recommended that
ought to
should not    it is not recommended that
ought not to

The verbal forms shown in table E.3 are used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the 3GPP TS or 3GPP TR.
Table E.3: Permission
Verbal form    Equivalent expressions for use in exceptional cases
(see subclause 6.6.1)
may    is permitted
is allowed
is permissible
need not    it is not required that
no ... is required

Do not use "possible" or "impossible" in this context.
Do not use "can" instead of "may" in this context.

NOTE:    "May" signifies permission expressed by the standard, whereas "can" refers to the ability of a user of the standard or to a possibility open to him.

The verbal forms shown in table E.4 are used for statements of possibility and capability, whether material, physical or causal.
Table E.4: Possibility and capability
Verbal form    Equivalent expressions for use in exceptional cases
(see subclause 6.6.1)
can    be able to
there is a possibility of
it is possible to

cannot    be unable to
there is no possibility of
it is not possible to
Do not use "can" instead of "may" in this context.

NOTE:    "May" signifies permission expressed by the standard, whereas "can" refers to the ability of a user of the standard or to a possibility open to him.

The verbal forms shown in table E.5 shall be used to indicate behaviour of equipment or sub-systems outside the scope of the document in which they appear.  For example, in a standard specifying the requirements of terminal equipment, these forms shall be used to describe the expected behaviour of the network or network simulator to which the terminal is connected.